Base 64 encoder/decoder
How it works:
- Convert the text to its binary representation.
- Divide the bits into groups of 6 bits each.
- Convert each group to a decimal number from 0-63. It cannot be greater than 64 as there are only 6 bits in each group.
- Convert this decimal number to the equivalent Base64 character using the Base64 alphabet.
See RFC-4648 for details.